Turkish's air force launched its heaviest assault on Kurdish militants in northern Iraq overnight since air strikes began last week, hours after president Tayyip Erdogan said a peace process had become impossible.
The strikes hit Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) targets including shelters, depots and caves in six areas, a statement from prime minister Ahmet Davutoglu’s office said. A senior official told Reuters it was the biggest assault since the campaign started.
Iraq condemned the air strikes as a "dangerous escalation and an assault on Iraqi sovereignty", saying it was committed to ensuring militant attacks on Turkey were not carried out from within its territory.
Turkey launched near-simultaneous strikes against PKK camps in Iraq and Islamic State (IS) fighters in Syria last Friday, in what Mr Davutoglu has called a “synchronised fight against terror”.
The Nato member also opened up its air bases to the US-led coalition against IS, joining the front-line in the battle against the jihadists after years of reluctance. Nato gave Turkey its full political support on Tuesday.
Fuelling suspicions
But Turkey’s assaults on the PKK have so far been far heavier than its strikes against Islamic State, fuelling suspicions that its real agenda is keeping Kurdish political and territorial ambitions in check, something the government denies.
It has made clear that its operations against IS in Syria will not include air cover for Syrian Kurdish fighters also battling the jihadists.
The chairman of Turkey’s pro-Kurdish opposition HDP party, Selahattin Demirtas, whose lawmakers Mr Erdogan wants to see prosecuted for alleged links to the PKK, called for an immediate halt to violence on both sides.
“We have to establish democratic pressure that will help silence the guns immediately. We are ready to work with all politicians who want to achieve this,” he said.
Turkish officials have said the strikes against the PKK are a response to increased militant violence in recent weeks, including a series of targeted killings of police officers and soldiers blamed on the Kurdish militant group.
On Tuesday, fighter jets also bombed PKK targets in the southeastern Turkish province of Sirnak, bordering Iraq, after an attack on a group of gendarmes.
The PKK has said the strikes are an attempt to “crush” the Kurdish political movement and create an “authoritarian, hegemonic system” in Turkey.
It has stopped short of explicitly pulling out of a peace process, although it said on July 11th that Turkey’s construction of military outposts, dams and roads for military use had violated a ceasefire and that it planned to resume attacks.
Mr Erdogan initiated negotiations in 2012 to try to end the PKK insurgency, largely fought in the predominantly-Kurdish southeast and which has killed 40,000 people since 1984. The ceasefire, though fragile, had been holding since March 2013.
Western allies have said they recognise Turkey’s right to self-defence but have urged it not to allow years of peace efforts with the PKK to collapse. While deeming the group a terrorist organisation, Washington also depends heavily on allied Syrian Kurdish fighters battling IS.
But on Tuesday, Mr Erdogan said the process had become impossible and urged parliament to strip politicians with links to the militants of immunity from prosecution, a move seen as aimed squarely at the HDP.
Lifting of immunity
Parliament is due to discuss the military operations in Iraq and Syria, as well as Mr Erdogan’s call for the lifting of immunity, in what will be a heated session later on Wednesday.
Deputy prime minister Yalcin Akdogan, who has overseen the government side of peace efforts, accused the HDP of sacrificing the process in the name of its own political ambition, saying it had been more interested in winning enough votes to enter parliament than in working to resolve the conflict.
The HDP won 13 per cent of the vote in a June 7th poll, helping to deprive the AKP Mr Erdogan founded of a majority in parliament for the first time since 2002 and forcing it to seek a junior coalition partner or face a fresh election.
“The HDP has destroyed the trust, has betrayed the peace process,” Mr Akdogan told the state-run Anadolu news agency, but stopped short of declaring it definitively over.
“It is unclear how the process will continue. First the PKK should put down weapons. If there’s anything to be discussed, we can discuss it after that,” he said.
Many Kurds believe that by reviving conflict with the PKK, Mr Erdogan seeks to undermine support for the HDP ahead of a possible fresh election. He has made no secret of his desire to change the constitution and amass stronger powers, virtually impossible without a strong single-party AKP government.
The AKP has been holding coalition talks, but the leader of the largest opposition party, the CHP, said last week he saw an early election as the most likely outcome.
“The president does not want a coalition to be formed. He knows that if a coalition is formed whatever remains from his executive presidency dream will completely be destroyed,” said Idris Baluken, a senior HDP official.
“He wants Turkey to have a snap election quickly.”
– (Reuters)