The United Nations has warned the Russian invasion of Ukraine has stoked a global food crisis that could threaten tens of millions of people and last years.
UN secretary-general António Guterres said on Wednesday he was in "intense contact" with Russia, Ukraine, Turkey, the US and the European Union in an effort to restore Ukrainian grain exports.
Russia’s war in Ukraine has caused global prices for grains, cooking oils, fuel and fertiliser to soar, and Mr Guterres warned this will worsen food, energy and economic crises in poor countries.
“It threatens to tip tens of millions of people over the edge into food insecurity, followed by malnutrition, mass hunger and famine, in a crisis that could last for years,” Mr Guterres said.
Addressing a food security meeting at the UN hosted by US secretary of state Antony Blinken, Mr Guterres appealed to Russia to allow "the safe and secure export of grain stored in Ukrainian ports" and for Russian food and fertilisers to "have full and unrestricted access to world markets".
“I am hopeful, but there is still a way to go,” said Mr Guterres, who visited Moscow and Kyiv late last month. “The complex security, economic and financial implications require goodwill on all sides.”
Ukraine used to export most of its goods through seaports but since Russia’s February 24th invasion, it has been forced to export by train or via its small Danube river ports.
UN food chief David Beasley appealed to Russian president Vladimir Putin: "If you have any heart at all, please open these ports." Mr Beasley heads the World Food Programme, which feeds some 125 million people and buys 50 per cent of its grain from Ukraine.
“This is not just about Ukraine. This is about the poorest of the poor who are on the brink of starvation as we speak,” Mr Beasley said.
Russia and Ukraine together account for nearly a third of global wheat supplies. Ukraine is also a major exporter of corn, barley, sunflower oil and rapeseed oil, while Russia and Belarus – which has backed Moscow in its war in Ukraine – account for more than 40 per cent of global exports of potash, a crop nutrient.
Mr Blinken said Russia must be compelled to create corridors so that food and other vital supplies can safely leave Ukraine by land or sea. “There are an estimated 22 million tons of grain sitting in silos in Ukraine right now. Food that could immediately go toward helping those in need if it can simply get out of the country,” Mr Blinken said.
The UN has said 36 countries count on Russia and Ukraine for more than half of their wheat imports, including some of the poorest and most vulnerable in the world, including Lebanon, Syria, Yemen, Somalia and Democratic Republic of Congo.
Mr Guterres spoke with Russia's first deputy prime minister Andrei Belousov on Tuesday about Russian exports of fertilizers and grains, said Russia's UN Ambassador Vassily Nebenzia.
"The discussions, as far as I know, went well and positive," Mr Nebenzia told reporters on Wednesday, but he signalled that Ukrainian access to international markets was a separate issue. "We are prepared to do our share. The Ukrainian grain market access, that's another thing," Mr Nebenzia said. – Reuters